Grade 2
  1. Number Sense and Operations  1.1. Counting and Number Sequences  1.1.1. Counting up to 100  1.1.2. Counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s  1.1.3. Counting Backward from 20  1.1.4. Odd and even numbers in counting sequences  1.2. Place Value  1.2.1. Understanding ones and tens  1.2.2. Comparing Two-Digit Numbers  1.2.3. Identifying the Value of Each Digit in a Number  1.2.4. Building numbers using tens and ones  1.3. Addition and Subtraction  1.3.1. Basic addition up to 20  1.3.2. Basic subtraction up to 20  1.3.3. Addition with Regrouping  1.3.4. Subtraction with Borrowing  1.3.5. Solving word problems involving addition and subtraction  1.3.6. Addition and Subtraction with Multiples of 10  1.4. Odd and Even Numbers  1.4.1. Identifying Odd and Even Numbers  1.4.2. Understanding patterns in odd and even numbers  1.4.3. Simple operations with odd and even numbers
  2. Fractions and Decimals  2.1. Introduction to Fractions  2.1.1. Understanding halves and quarters  2.1.2. Representing fractions visually  2.1.3. Simple Fraction Comparisons  2.1.4. Writing Simple Fractions  2.1.5. Fractions as part of a whole  2.2. Fraction Equivalency  2.2.1. Understanding Equal Parts  2.2.2. Identifying Equivalent Fractions
  3. Measurement and Data  3.1. Length Measurement  3.1.1. Measuring objects using rulers  3.1.2. Comparing lengths  3.1.3. Estimating lengths  3.1.4. Understanding units of measurement (centimeters and inches)  3.1.5. Relating Length Measurements to Real-World Objects  3.2. Weight and Mass Measurement  3.2.1. Comparing Weights of Objects  3.2.2. Estimating weight in grams and kilograms  3.2.3. Using balance scales for comparison  3.3. Volume and Capacity Measurement  3.3.1. Understanding capacity with cups and liters  3.3.2. Comparing capacities of containers  3.3.3. Introduction to Milliliters  3.4. Time  3.4.1. Reading analog and digital clocks  3.4.2. Understanding hours and minutes  3.4.3. Calculating elapsed time in hours  3.4.4. Days of the week and months of the year  3.4.5. Understanding AM and PM  3.5. Money  3.5.1. Recognizing coins and bills  3.5.2. Counting money up to $1  3.5.3. Simple Addition and Subtraction with Money  3.5.4. Making Change for a Dollar
  4. Geometry and Spatial Reasoning  4.1. Shapes and Their Attributes  4.1.1. Identifying basic shapes (circle, triangle, square, rectangle)  4.1.2. Understanding sides and corners  4.1.3. Distinguishing between 2D and 3D shapes  4.1.4. Recognizing 3D Shapes (Cube, Sphere, Cone, Cylinder)  4.1.5. Composing and Decomposing Shapes  4.2. Symmetry  4.2.1. Understanding Lines of Symmetry  4.2.2. Drawing Symmetrical Shapes  4.2.3. Identifying Symmetrical Objects in the Environment  4.3. Patterns and Spatial Awareness  4.3.1. Recognizing and Creating Patterns  4.3.2. Extending Patterns  4.3.3. Understanding positions (left, right, above, below)  4.3.4. Using a grid to locate objects
  5. Data Handling and Probability  5.1. Collecting and Organizing Data  5.1.1. Using tally marks  5.1.2. Reading Bar Graphs  5.1.3. Simple Pictographs  5.1.4. Creating Bar Graphs from Given Data  5.2. Interpreting Data  5.2.1. Answering questions based on data  5.2.3. Identifying Most and Least in Data Sets  5.3. Introduction to Probability  5.3.1. Understanding likely and unlikely events

Grade 2 → Number Sense and Operations → Addition and Subtraction ↓


Basic addition up to 20


Introduction

Addition is one of the most important math skills you will learn. It involves combining two or more numbers to form a larger number. In Grade 2, learners focus on mastering addition with numbers up to 20. This foundation will help them with other math concepts like subtraction, multiplication, and division in later years.

Understanding addition

Addition means combining numbers to find the total or sum. In simple terms, if you have a group of three apples and another group of two apples and you put them together, you have a total of five apples. This can be mathematically written as:

3 + 2 = 5

Symbols and terminology in addition

Before we begin, there are a few important symbols and terms to know:

  • Plus sign (+): This symbol indicates that numbers are being added together.
  • Equals sign (=): This symbol represents the result of addition or the sum.
  • Sum: The result or total of adding two or more numbers.

Steps for basic addition

To add, follow these steps:

  1. Line up the numbers: If you are working with two-digit numbers make sure you line up the tens and ones. Since we are adding up to 20, make sure the smaller numbers line up correctly.
  2. Add units: Start by adding the digits in the units place.
  3. Add the tens: If the result is greater than 10, move it to the tens column.

Examples of addition up to 20

Let's look at some examples.

Example 1:

Add 4 and 5:

    4 + 5 = 9
Example 2:

Add 7 and 8:

    7 + 8 = 15

Use of number lines

The number line is a great tool for visualizing addition. Here's how you can use the number line for basic addition:

  1. Start with the first number on the number line.
  2. Step forward from the number you want to add.
  3. The point where you land represents the sum.

Let's add 6 and 3 using the number line:

6 + 3 = 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Using counting objects

Another way to understand addition is to use objects like blocks, beads, or your fingers. Here's how you can use objects to solve 8 + 7:

  1. Take eight objects and place them in a row.
  2. Add 7 more items in the same row.
  3. Count all the objects. You will find that there are 15 objects in total.
8 + 7 = 15

Practice problems

Practice makes perfect! Try solving these practice problems using the methods we've discussed:

  1. 5 + 3 = ?
  2. 9 + 6 = ?
  3. 2 + 8 = ?
  4. 7 + 4 = ?
  5. 10 + 9 = ?

Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding and mastering basic addition up to 20 is an important skill in math. It lays the groundwork for future math concepts and helps improve problem-solving skills. Use number lines, counting objects, or even pictures to better understand and grasp the concept. Remember, the more you practice, the better you will get at addition!


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Basic addition up to 20

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